Method and apparatus for production of RF labels

ABSTRACT

The present invention includes a method for producing individual folded labels incorporating a radio frequency device, the method comprising the steps of providing a ribbon of labels containing a woven logo or text. A carrier strip with a plurality of radio frequency devices spaced thereon is provided and the plurality of radio frequency devices are joined to the ribbon of labels. The ribbon of labels is then folded so as to form at least one folded portion. The folded ribbon is subjected to sufficient heat and pressure to set the at least one folded portion. The ribbon of labels is subdivided into individual folded labels. The present invention also relates to a label-making apparatus including a dispenser for a carrier strip having a plurality of radio frequency devices disposed thereon at spaced intervals. A mechanism linearly advances a ribbon of labels, the ribbon of labels containing a woven logo or text. Means join the plurality of radio frequency devices with the ribbon of labels. A cutting station subdivides an individual label from the ribbon of labels and plurality of radio frequency devices. A sensor in communication with the linear advance mechanism controls the advance of a length of the ribbon of labels to provide proper spacing between the radio frequency devices, cut-edges and a logo on the label. The sensor can sense the position of the RF device or the logo or text of the ribbon of labels.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority of U.S. Provisional Application Ser.Nos. 06/290,652 filed May 15, 2001 and 60/336,573 filed Dec. 4, 2001.

This application is also related to co-pending U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 09/603,234 entitled “Method and Apparatus for Production ofLabels.”

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for theproduction of folded radio frequency (RF) labels for application toclothing, linens, towels, and other goods, and more particularly to alabel incorporating radio frequency (RF) devices produced by theapparatus and method of the invention.

2. Description of the Related Art

The attachment of labels to cloth goods such as clothing, linens andtowels is a common practice used to set forth information such astrademarks and trade names, material identification and characteristics,sizes, care instructions, and so forth. In addition, legal requirementsnecessitate the use of labels in clothing or on linens. A method andapparatus for producing individual folded labels from a ribbon of labelsis presented in published PCT application WO 00/50239 and isincorporated in its entirety herein.

Folded labels are commonly used in the industry and come in a number ofdifferent forms including endfolds, centerfolds, J folds, Booklet fold,Manhattan-folds, and mitrefold labels. While each of these differentforms has a particular use, the centerfold and end-fold labels are themost popular.

In addition to providing this important information, the label is partof the object. Unfortunately, it is not unusual for a label, especiallya skin contact clothing label, to irritate the customer. This can resultin the customer forming a negative attitude regarding the quality of theentire garment. Quite often the customer will cut the offending labelout of the garment. This not only prevents the customer from having theproper care instructions, it also removes the product identificationfrom the garment, further reducing repeat sales.

Currently most folded labels are produced using what is referred to inthe industry as the “cut and fold” technique, that is the labels areindexed, cut from a ribbon of material and then folded. Using thistechnique about 40-220 labels can be produced a minute with between5-20% of the labels being considered waste or defective. The most commondefect being a distorted fold resulting in the ends of the label notaligning properly. Other defects include turned corners, fanning, andprotruding fold-unders.

Defective labels can significantly increase the cost of the goods. Forexample, while it costs only about fifteen to twenty-five cents to sew alabel into a garment in the United States, it can cost five to ten timesthis amount to replace a defective label. Many labels, especiallycenterfold, have a tendency to skew while being sewed, therebyincreasing the chance for a poor impression. Moreover, RF devices rangein cost from three cents to over one dollar. Thus, a defective label canadd tremendous cost. If the defective label is not detected andreplaced, the goods may have to be classified as seconds and sold at asteep discount. Significantly, if the identification of the defectivelabel is missed it is likely to be recognizable by the customer andadversely affect the overall impression of the goods. The presentinvention prevents such defects.

It would be desirable to be able to produce folded labels incorporatedwith RF devices for storing and transmitting identifying information andthat are more comfortable to the apparel customer than current labels.In addition, it is desirable to produce such labels at a higher speedand at a greater efficiency of production for both label and end productmanufacturers, and with fewer defects than current methods.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has been developed with the view towardssubstantially changing the way that labels are used and developed. Inparticular, an object of the present invention is to provide steps forproducing a ribbon of labels with RF devices encapsulated therein, andsubdividing the ribbon into individual RF labels using ultrasonic meansresulting in individual folded RF labels that are both soft to thetouch, i.e., having edges that are generally scratchless to the apparelconsumer, and capable of storing and transmitting identifyinginformation and at the same time virtually free of defects.

Another object of the present invention is to provide steps forincorporating the RF devices into the labels whereby inventory control,pricing control and the tracking of the origin of the merchandise, forexample, can be done via the RF devices in the labels.

The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for attachinga RF device to a carrier strip so that it may be processed into labels.

The feel of the labels produced in accordance with the present inventionassures that the RF labels will remain on the garment when the customeris ready to reorder. Additionally, the use of ultrasonic means tosubdivide the RF labels results in a label having the front and backfolds sealed together thus preventing the label from being skewed whensewed into a garment. This makes the sewing step more efficient andresults in a reduced number of finished goods being classified asseconds, thus providing added cost savings to the garment manufacturer.Furthermore, the present invention allows for the production of RFlabels at a rate of 200 to over 1000 per minute, at efficiencies ofbetter than 90%, and at a waste of less than 4%. This is significantlyhigher than the 40-220 labels per minute produced using the current “cutand fold” technique.

In one embodiment, the folded pressed ribbon is indexed and thenultrasonically subdivided into individual RF labels.

In an alternative embodiment, the folded and pressed ribbon is rerolledand shipped to an end user for use in an auto-sewing device.

The present invention further includes an apparatus for carrying outthis method as well as RF labels produced in accordance with the method.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide forinsertion of a device such as an antenna, computer chip, radio frequencyinventory/antitheft control devices, acoustical, magnetic or othersecurity or inventory control devices within the folded labels. Suchdevices may be part of a web or laminate. After the insertion of suchinventory/anti-theft devices, edges of the label are sealed and bondedtogether using known techniques, preferably ultrasonics. As will bediscussed in more detail below, such an inventory/anti-theft controldevice, e.g. a RF device, can be inserted before or after the foldingstep.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus andmethod for inserting a radio frequency device into a ribbon of labelsand registering the cut of the ribbon of labels by sensing the edge orpart of the radio frequency device located therein. In this manner, whensubdividing the label of ribbons, the actual RF device is detected andnot the logo or text message on the label, which decreases the chance ofruining the more expensive RF devices.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the present invention, thereis provided a method for producing individual folded labelsincorporating a radio frequency device, the method comprising the stepsof providing a ribbon of labels containing a woven logo or text. Acarrier strip with a plurality of radio frequency devices spaced thereonis provided and the plurality of radio frequency devices are joined tothe ribbon of labels. The ribbon of labels is then folded so as to format least one folded portion. The folded ribbon is subjected tosufficient heat and pressure to set the at least one folded portion. Theribbon of labels is subdivided into individual folded labels.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the present invention, thereis also provided a label-making apparatus comprising a dispenser for acarrier strip having a plurality- of radio frequency devices disposedthereon at spaced intervals. A mechanism linearly advances a ribbon oflabels, the ribbon of labels containing a woven logo or text. Means jointhe plurality of radio frequency devices with the ribbon of labels. Acutting station subdivides an individual label from the ribbon of labelsand plurality of radio frequency devices. A sensor in communication withthe linear advance mechanism controls the advance of a length of theribbon of labels to provide proper spacing between the radio frequencydevices, cut-edges and a logo on the label.

The apparatus of the present invention can further comprise an insertionassembly to insert an inventory/anti-theft control device, such as thosediscussed above, into the RF labels. The insertion assembly can bepositioned before or after the folding station or after indexing. In allembodiments, the apparatus can be configured for left or right-handoperation to allow a user to operate more than one unit.

These and other objects, features, aspects, and advantages of thepresent invention will become more apparent from the following detaileddescription of the preferred embodiment relative to the accompanieddrawings, in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus for attaching an RF deviceto a carrier strip.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the bar horn of the ultrasonic welder of theapparatus of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a front side view of the carrier strip and attached RF devicesassembled by the apparatus of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a back side view of the carrier strip and RF devices of FIG.3.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to one embodimentof the present invention for producing a folded label having a RF deviceincorporated therein.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to anotherembodiment of the present invention for producing a RF label.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an apparatus for producing a foldedlabel incorporating an RF device according to another embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 8 illustrates a label having a RF device incorporated therein inaccordance with the apparatus of FIG. 7, with an edge of the labelpulled away.

FIG. 9 illustrates a RF label with ultrasonically bonded edges inaccordance with the apparatus and methods of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the label of FIG. 9 taken alongline I-I.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an end folded label produced by theapparatus and method of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a cross-section of the label of FIG. 11, taken along lineII-II of FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an apparatus for producing a foldedlabel having an RF device incorporated therein according to anotherembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 illustrates a RF label made according to the embodiment of FIG.13.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

For a general understanding of the features of the present invention,reference is made to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals havebeen used throughout to identify identical or similar elements. FIG. 1is a perspective view of an apparatus 10 for attaching a plurality of RFdevices 20 to a carrier strip or tape 12. Carrier 12 is made of a wovenpolyester tape. The apparatus of the embodiment of FIG. 4 includescarrier 12, a THK linear track 14, a bracket 16, a 40 Khz ultrasonicwelder 18, and a solid surface 22.

As carrier tape 12 advances it passes over support surface 22. Carrier12 can travel via a linear advance or other advance mechanism. Atsupport surface 22 the RF devices or tags are inserted between surface22 and tape 12, such that the RF devices are located below strip 12. Theultrasonic welder 18 is located above tape 12. Welder 18 is mounted onlinear track 14 and bracket 16, such that the welder can be moved upwardand downward to adhere the RF device to strip 12. As shown in FIG. 2,ultrasonic welder 18 includes bar horn 24, the face of which seals RFdevice 20 to strip 12. For example, ultrasonic welder 18 has soundwavestraveling through it at a frequency of 40 KHz. However, the ultrasonicsettings of welder 18 can be adjusted based upon the material of strip12. Moreover, the actuation speed of linear track 14 can be coordinatedwith the advance speed of strip 12.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the front and back sides of strip 12 with RFdevices 20 adhered thereto are illustrated. Strip 12 can have a widthd₁, of for example, 15.0 mm. The centerlines of consecutive RF devicesare spaced by a distance d₂. Distance d₂ can be 30.0 mm, for example.Moreover, RF devices 20 are orientated with carrier strip 12 such thatan angle α therebetween is 90°.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, one end of RF device 20 extends from edge 12b of strip 12. However, the opposite end of RF device 20 does not extendover edge 12 a of carrier strip 12. The RF devices encapsulated in thelabels can include scannable circuitry embedded in the labels. It shouldbe appreciated that many arrangements of attachment are possible.

Referring to FIG. 5, a first embodiment of an apparatus for attaching RFdevices to a woven label is shown. Carrier strip 12 having RF devicesadhered thereto is mounted on a roller 26. Folded ribbon 30 of materialcontaining labels is advanced from a press station 32 via a drive roller34. The apparatus has two linear drive mechanisms. The first, which ispart of the press station, is an uninterrupted linear advance, whichmaintains tension during folding. The second is an indexing mechanism.Regulating the tension of the ribbon of material is important during thefolding process. In particular, the upper edge and the lower edge of thematerial must be maintained at essentially equal tensions. A centerlineof the material is the main control for this adjustment. The centerlineis preferably setup equal to the centerline of the press unit and thefolding station. Raising or lowering the roll from this point can bedone to equalize the tensions in the upper and lower edge of thematerial.

Folded ribbon of labels 30 can be composed of virtually any materialthat can be cut and pressed including a thermoplastic material (e.g.,polyester), acetate, cotton, nylon, linen, paper, rayon and combinationsthereof, in woven and non-woven form. Polyester is preferred. The labelscan be printed or woven, however, woven is preferred.

It is preferred that the logo of the label is made such that it is 90degrees from the typical orientation used in broadloom, needeloom orshuttleloom weaving of the woven labels. For woven labels this can bereadily done on existing harness repeats. The change of orientationgreatly reduces “window shading” (curling after laundering) anddecreases shrinkage when the product is exposed to heat at temperaturesabove 275° F.

In the folding station (not shown) folded label ribbon 30 can be guidedthrough a series of adjustable equalizing rollers (not shown) that makeup the tension equalizer assembly to provide an even distribution oftension. After emerging from the equalizing rollers, the ribbon isguided over a folding rod (not shown).

For producing a centerfold label, the folding station comprises twofolding lenses (not shown). Folding lenses are pivotably mounted onsupports and can be adjusted vertically. The lenses are a caliper-likedevice comprising two adjustable jaws. The lenses restrain and guide thematerial into an even consistent fold. One lens can be a guiding lensused for making for slight adjustments before the material enters theother lens, the working lens that brings the ribbon to a fold. Incertain situations a proper fold can be obtained using more or less thattwo lenses.

It is preferred that the distance along the x-axis on the lens be ½ ofthe loom cut width +1.5 mm or −1.5 mm depending on the thickness andstability of the material being processed. The y-axis distance shouldallow for even flow of material. Changing lenses to a larger or smallerdiameter may be necessary for widths over 120 mm or below 50 mm.

Movement of the lens in the “+” x-axis direction will create a largertop fold. Movement of the lens in the “−” x-axis direction will create alarger bottom fold. Placement of the y-axis for both lens is along acenterline. If the material has a tendency to twist then an angledownward or upward may be set on either lens.

It is preferable that the location of folding rod (not shown) be kept incenter with folding lenses along the centerline. The folding rod issquare to the base. Material angle is kept from 5°-170°, more preferably30°-90°. The distance from the folding rod to the press unit is dictatedby the loom cut width of the material being folded. The wider thetape/ribbon cut, the further the folding rod is located from the pressunit. The folded material exits the folding station and enters the pressstation. The press station subjects the folded material to both heat(100°-400° F.) and pressure. A range of pressure between 5-80 pounds offorce is preferred. In one embodiment, the press unit includes a supportframe upon which are movably affixed belt rolls about which ispositioned a high temperature resistant endless conveyor belt. The beltmay be driven at selected, controlled, constant speeds by known meanssuch as an AC or DC electric drive motor and speed regulator orcontroller. Between the affixed belt rolls are a series of rollers,spring mounted to the support frame, upon which the top of the conveyorrides.

The speed of the press station motor can be trimmed with an ultrasonicrange-finder that is wired into the motor controller inside the unit. Aspeed signal is sent to the servo-motor. From this signal a calculationis made and held in memory. The ultra sonic range finder makes a readingof the slack of material as it travels between press station and cuttingstation. This is added to the number held in memory and this sum is sentto the belt drive motor to control belt speed.

The press station can have multiple heat zones that can be controlledseparately. The first heat zone can be designed to carry most of theheat and the heat zones can be designed as a cool down area. Thesettings of the press station are dictated by the type of material beingprocessed. Thicker materials require a higher press setting and moreheat, while thinner materials require less.

The folded material travels though the press unit via a conveyermechanism. It is this conveyor mechanism that provides a linear advancepulling the ribbon from the tension let off device through the foldingstation. Other mechanisms for linear advance can be used.

The folded pressed ribbon exits the press station and is led to thecutting station on a support plate. Upon advance of the material,downward pressure from the roll is dependent on material thickness, andstructure. Thinner, looser structure materials require low pressure.Thicker and more stable structures of material require a higher downwardpressure.

Referring once again to FIG. 5, a sensor 36 is used to monitor andcontrol the slack of the folded ribbon of labels 30 between anapplicator unit 40, which will be described further herein, and driveroller 34 through a control unit (not shown). The speed of theapplicator 40 is controlled to stay consistent with the advancingmaterial and the delays set for cut time and acceleration anddeceleration of the servo motor that turns drive roller 34.

A roll of ribbon of material 36 is also advanced via drive roller 34.Drive roller 34 pulls folded ribbon of labels 30 and fabric ribbon ofmaterial 36 forward and under a fiber optic eye 42. To maintain theproper alignment for materials with logos and written instructions suchas woven or printed labels, the fiber optic eye is used, which readscolor contrast as material advances past its read point. When aregistration point passes under the eye or when the eye sees a colorchange an immediate interrupt signal is sent to the controller, at thispoint the servo motor, via roller 34, advances the material the distanceset in the operator interface. The deceleration is calculated so thatthe material advance will be accurate to ±0.05 mm. At this point thematerial remains stopped for the cutting, e.g., knife delay time set onthe operator interface. The material then advances and follows the samesequence above.

A typical setting for the advance is the width of the label (lengthalong loom cut edge) minus 5 mm. This number may be adjusted toinfluence centering of the logo. Additional adjustment can be made ifnecessary.

At the stop, carrier strip 12 is advanced over a peeler 44 presentingthe RF devices 20 to ribbon of material 36. The carrier strip minusdevices 20 is rewound unto roller 46. Applicator 40 includes an anviland attached piston 48. Anvil 48 includes a vacuum device which attractsribbon of material 36. The piston activates an ultrasonic horn 50 whichwelds the RF device to ribbon of material 36. The applicator unit isadjustable via a frame 52 to align with the logo on folded ribbon oflabels 30.

The ribbon of material 36 with the RF devices 20 mounted thereon isguided by roller 38 and drive roller 34 to cutting station 60. The RFdevice is registered with the logo on the label ribbon by advance ofboth ribbons 30, 36 through drive roller 34 and optic eye 42.

The material is cut at cutting station 60 to form folded labels 70 usingan ultrasonic system 62 comprising a horn 64 and an anvil 66. Forexample, the ultrasonic horn 64 has sound waves moving through it at afrequency of 20-40 KHz. The residence of these waves can be magnifiedthrough proper booster and horn combination.

Anvil 66 is actuated at an adjustable pressure to collide with the horn.The material passes between the horn and the anvil and is exposed tovery high-localized heat, cutting and sealing the material. The largerthe radius on the anvil the larger the seal area and the more pressurerequired for a cut. The default delay time for the knife up iscalculated and taken into account. For example, a typical delay is 70ms, which may be adjusted if necessary to accomplish the desiredresults. Ultrasonic rotary dies can also be used.

The cutting station can utilize other known cutting techniques tosubdivide the ribbon into individual labels. Such techniques include,for example, cold or hot shearing knives, hot fuse knives that squeezeoff the product during cutting, extreme high mechanical pressure,high-pressure air, high-pressure water, laser cutting, rotary diecutters, and others. In the case of the fabric carrier, the fabriccarrier is cut and bonded to the cut edges of the label. The fabriclayer can be within a centerfold label, along the back of a centerfoldlabel, along the front of a centerfold label along the back of an endfold label, along the front of an end fold label, along the front of anend fold label, or any of the above conditions on other labels processedon the equipment.

After cutting the finished label, the process proceeds to a packer (notshown). The packer then pushes the label into a packing box. Packing ofthe cut labels can also be accomplished by bagging or placing the goodsin boxes through any number of methods including single column stacks inhorizontal or vertical orientation, curved stacker frays, or magazinedevices in a rotary or sliding configuration.

Unlike centerfold labels produced using traditional techniques, thecenterfold label of the present invention has the front and back foldssealed together along an edge with the RF device therein. By usingalternative folding stations, the apparatus of the present invention canbe used to form other varieties of folded labels. For example, to form“end-fold” labels.

FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention whereinthe RF device is adhered to the ribbon of labels prior to the foldingstep. In this embodiment, the roll of ribbon of labels 30 is advanced bytwo linear drive mechanisms. The first linear advance mechanism 72 ispart of the press station and is an uninterrupted linear advance whichmaintains tension during folding. The second is an indexing mechanism.As in the previous embodiment, mechanism 72 can be a pair of driverollers or other mechanically equivalent advance. Ribbon of labels 30 isadvanced along guide rollers 38 pass optical eye 42 and an applicationunit 80. Optical eye 42 provides the signal for the placement of the RFdevice as the ribbon of labels is in motion.

Application unit 80 includes a blower which blows the RF device 20, suchas an electronic article surveillance tag, onto ribbon of labels 30.Blower 80 is commercially available through Label-Aire, Inc., CustomLabel-Aire Model 2111M combination air blow left hand labeled. Thedevices 20 are supported on a roll of carrier strip 12, as previouslydiscussed herein. As in the embodiment of FIG. 5, after RF device 20 isapplied to ribbon of labels 30, the carrier strip 12 is separatedtherefrom by peeler 44 and rewound on roll 46.

The ribbon of labels 30 with RF devices 20 thereon passes through pressunit 32′ which adheres the RF devices to ribbon of labels 30. The ribbonof labels 30 then passes into the folding station 74 where the ribbon isfolded, as previously set forth herein. After folding, the ribbon canpass to either a cutting device or rolled into a roll for furtherprocessing remote from the apparatus.

A label made according to the method and apparatus whereby the RF deviceis not separated from the carrier strip is illustrated in FIGS. 8-10.The label is unique in that the cut sides are bonded and sealed along anedge. At the cut, the carrier is bonded to the edges of the individualRF label upon separation of the label from the ribbon of labels. Asnoted above, the resultant labels have a unique smooth feel based uponthe process used to make them. Furthermore, thermoplastic ribbon oflabels, preferably a woven polyester, is subdivided using an ultrasonicsystem as part of the claimed apparatus, the labels are unique in thatthe cut sides are bonded or welded together. As noted above, thisbonding not only prevents the label from being skewed when sewed into agarment, but also provides the edges with a generally scratchless feel.

The apparatus of the invention is particularly suited for insertion ofdevices such as security and inventory control devices, e.g., radiofrequency inventory devices (RFID) tags, into labels. RFIDs are known inthe art and include that disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,874,902;5,874,896; 5,785,181; and 5,745,036. Such devices can be inserted at anumber of locations. By using an ultrasonic cutting system, thesedevices can be sealed into the bonded top and bottom edges of thematerial. This will cause the label to be destroyed if the device isremoved; thus guaranteeing the tag and label stay as one duringprocessing. At one location, the folded material is opened and thedevice is inserted at desired positions. At another location, adhesivebacked devices are placed on the material before folding. Edge sealingcan be achieved with these methods as well.

The RFID tag can include a scannable circuit board chip. The RFIDtechnology will allow a RF label to be read or written to. The abilityto write to the RF labels enables users to keep and update a databasewithout the end user being able to alter the information on the embeddedcircuit board. In addition, the identification information may be reusedand written over.

Look-up databases can be readily available to facilitate quick access tothe information embedded on the RF labels. Moreover, lost or stolenitems having the RF labels can be reunited with its owner or place oforigin.

The scannable RF labels enables tracking of inventory, pricing and placeof origin, without necessitating human intervention to research suchinformation. The programmable and read-only scannable circuit boardscannot be altered or read without a programmer or reader. The RFIDsystem typically consist of one or more transceivers (exciters) and oneor more tags. An RFID tag is an electronic device that generallyincorporates a specific and unique identification number, where thenumber may be read by a RF transceiver (transmitter/receiver) system.The RFID tags may acquire energy from the incident radio frequency fieldor powered by a battery.

RFID tags typically consists of an antenna or a coil, to collect RFenergy, and an integrated circuit (IC) which contains identificationcode or other information in its on-chip memory. Attaching a RFID tag toa label enables the item to be located and identified with the aid of anRF interrogation system. As such, an interrogation system is able toidentify information associated with the RFID labels as set forth in thepresent invention.

Commercially available RFID tags generally operate at low frequencies,typically below 1 Mhz. Although lower frequency devices are more common,a wide range of high frequencies are available, for example, 13.56 Mhz,915 Mhz, 2.45 Ghz and 5.6 Ghz. Low frequency tags usually employ amulti-turn coil resulting in a tag having a thickness much greater thana standard sheet of paper. 2.45 Ghz and 5.6 Ghz can be done in a singleturn or as a die pole antenna. High frequency passive RFID tags, whichoperate at around 2.54 Ghz, typically consist of a single turn, flatantenna, printed onto a flat single layer sheet of plastic or paper.

The combination of the folded labels with a RF device in the presentinvention allows for locating and tracking of items, detecting items andreporting of pricing, for example. This ability to read RF labels fromcodes may be utilized, for example, as the items having the RF labelsleave predetermined areas and pass through an exit.

Referring to the apparatus of FIG. 7, the RF devices 20 are notseparated from carrier strip 12 but inserted into a label while on strip12. Carrier strip 12 together with ribbon material 30 are advanced bydrive roller 34 past optic eye 42 to ultrasonic cutting station 62 wherethe labels can be cut.

Such a center fold label is illustrated in FIGS. 8-10. Label 70 with theRF device 20 and carrier strip 12 is disposed in folded ribbon of labels30. In FIG. 8, a portion of the material is pulled back showing device20 and a portion of the carrier strip 12 to which it is mounted. Theedge 12a of strip 12 is located at the folded edge 31 of the ribbonmaterial. In the assembled state, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, thecarrier strip is bonded into the inside edges 29 of the label by theultrasonic cutting device of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an end fold label made according to theapparatus and method of FIG. 7. As shown, label of ribbons 30, carrierstrip 12 and RF device 20 disposed therebetween are subdivided alongedge 27 into individual labels. Referring to FIG. 12, the ends of label30 are folded over strip 12.

FIG. 13 illustrates an apparatus for applying a radio frequency deviceinto the ribbons of labels and registering the cut of the ribbons oflabels by sensing the edge or part of the RF device disposed inside thefolded ribbon. As illustrated, a length of the ribbon of labels 30, RFdevices 20 and carrier strip 12 passes through press station 32, pastdrive rollers 34, past sensor 100 and light source 101, to ultrasonichorn 64 and anvil 66. The RF device disposed inside of the folded ribbonis detected by optical sensor 100 via light source 101, which shineslight through the ribbon of labels, but does not shine light through thedevice embedded therein. The advance mechanism indexes the ribbon bydetection of the RF device, not by the logo or text on the front of theribbon. As the device passes by light sensor 101, the light will go outuntil the RF device passes. Optical sensor 100 senses the absence oflight as the RF device passes. Alternatively, a sensor that would sensethe metal component in the RF device could also be used to sense theedge or part of the RF device inside the folded ribbon.

A label made according to the method and apparatus of FIG. 13, is shownin FIG. 14. As shown, the design or logo 102 can be repeated anywhere onthe label and need not be centered with regard to cut line C_(L). In thecase of a “cut it out before you wear” label as shown in FIG. 14, thetext can be written in succession on the label. Subdivision of the labeldoes not depend on the position of the text, but only on the position ofthe RF device therein. The same applies to a permanent label.

The apparatus of the present invention can be modified at any point toinclude various accessories. A vision system can be included to inspectthe logos and image on the material as it passes. Labels with errors aredetected and removed automatically.

Additionally, the apparatus can be modified such that the cuttingstation the corners of the cut material are removed to provide forheightened comfort. Further, the apparatus can be modified toultrasonically seal the open loom cut edge giving a centerfold label,for example, three ultrasonically sealed edges and one folded edge.

Specially, it will be understood that the instant invention applies toall various types of label types and is not intended to be limited bythe manner in which the labels are developed.

The apparatus of this present invention may have several differentfolding stations or interchangeable folding stations, thus allowing theuser to select different fold configurations. Alternatively, there maybe a series of components that function in one overall device. The pressand cutting stations are electronically linked by means of at least onesensor to coordinate operation.

Although the present invention has been described in relation toparticular embodiments thereof, many other variations and modificationsand other uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art. It ispreferred therefore, that the present invention be limited not by thespecific disclosure herein, but only by the appended claims.

1-16. (canceled)
 17. A label-making apparatus comprising: a dispenserfor a carrier strip having a plurality of radio frequency devicesdisposed thereon at spaced intervals; a mechanism for linear advance ofa ribbon of labels; means for joining the plurality of radio frequencydevices with the ribbon of labels; a cutting station for subdividing anindividual label from the ribbon of labels and plurality of radiofrequency devices; and a sensor in communication with the linear advancemechanism for controlling the advance of a length of the ribbon oflabels to provide proper spacing between the radio frequency devices,cut-edges and a logo on the label.
 18. The apparatus of claim 17,wherein the cutting station includes ultrasonic means for sealing andbonding the cut edges of the label.
 19. The apparatus of claim 18,wherein the ribbon of labels has at least one folded portion and furthercomprising a press station for subjecting the folded ribbon tosufficient heat and pressure to set the at least one folded portion. 20.The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the means for joining the pluralityof radio frequency devices to the ribbon of labels comprises a pair ofdrive rollers adjacent the cutting station, the length of ribbon oflabels and the carrier strip passing through the drive rollers tosandwich the radio frequency devices between the ribbon of labels andthe carrier strip.
 21. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising adevice for separating the plurality of radio frequency devices from thecarrier strip.
 22. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising adispenser for providing a ribbon of material.
 23. The apparatus of claim22, further comprising means for applying the separated radio frequencydevices to the ribbon of material at spaced intervals.
 24. The apparatusof claim 23, where the means for applying the separated radio frequencydevices comprises an ultrasonic welder which welds the radio frequencydevices to the ribbon of material.
 25. The apparatus of claim 24,wherein the means for joining the plurality of radio frequency devicesto the ribbon of labels comprises a pair of drive rollers adjacent thecutting station, the length of ribbon of labels and the ribbon ofmaterial with the plurality of radio frequency devices disposed thereonpassing through the drive rollers to sandwich the radio frequencydevices between the ribbon of labels and the ribbon of material.
 26. Theapparatus of claim 21, further comprising means for applying theseparated radio frequency devices to the ribbon of labels at spacedintervals.
 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the means for applyingthe separated radio frequency devices to the ribbon of labels comprisesa blower which blows the radio frequency devices onto the ribbon oflabels at spaced intervals and a press unit adjacent the blower foradhering the same to the ribbon of labels.
 28. The apparatus of claim27, further comprising a folding station adjacent the press unit forproviding the ribbon of labels with the at least one folded portion, theplurality of radio frequency devices being encapsulated within the atleast one folded portion.
 29. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein thesensor senses the position of the radio frequency device disposed on theribbon of labels.
 30. A label made according to the method of claim 28.31. A label-making apparatus comprising: a dispenser for a carrier striphaving a plurality of anti-theft devices disposed thereon at spacedintervals; a mechanism for linear advance of a ribbon of labels; meansfor joining the plurality of anti-theft devices with the ribbon oflabels; a cutting station for subdividing an individual label from theribbon of labels and plurality of anti-theft devices; and a sensor incommunication with the linear advance mechanism for controlling theadvance of a length of the ribbon of labels to provide proper spacingbetween the anti-theft devices, cut-edges and a logo on the label. 32.The label-making apparatus of claim 31, wherein each of the plurality ofanti-theft devices include adhesive for attachment to the ribbon oflabels.
 33. The label-making apparatus of claim 17, wherein each of theplurality of radio frequency devices include adhesive for attachment tothe ribbon of labels.